Advocates of Keynesian economics believe the Federal Reserve should pursue policies that will prevent the possible decline of the economy into a liquidity trap. But what is a liquidity trap? Economic activity often is presented in terms of a circular flow of money. Spending by one individual becomes part of the earnings of another individual, and spending by another individual becomes part of the first individual’s earnings. Recessions, by this thinking, occur because consumers—for whatever reason—have decided to cut spending and increase their savings. For instance, if people become less confident about the future, they are likely going to lower their outlays and hoard money. … [Read more...]
Food and Shelter Prices Keep Climbing as CPI Growth Hits a Three-Month High
The federal government’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) released new price inflation data today, [i.e., February 14th], and according to the report, price inflation during the month decelerated slightly, coming in at the lowest year-over-year increase in sixteen months. According to the BLS, Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rose 6.4 percent year over year in January before seasonal adjustment. That’s down very slightly from December’s year-over-year increase of 6.5 percent, and January is the twenty-third month in a row with inflation above the Fed’s arbitrary 2 percent inflation target. Price inflation has now been above 6.0 percent for sixteen months in a row. [Editor's note: … [Read more...]
January 2023 Inflation “Disappointing”
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that Annual Inflation fell from 6.45% in December 2022 to 6.41% in January 2023. Monthly inflation was much higher than expected for January, resulting in a much smaller loss than most experts predicted. With 0.84% monthly inflation for January set to fall out of the calculations, the opportunity for a significant drop in inflation was possible. Monthly inflation for both November and December was negative so it seemed possible that January inflation could be moderate, but instead, it came in at a whopping 0.80%, just 0.04% lower than January 2022, resulting in a minuscule 0.04% decline in the annual inflation rate. January Inflation … [Read more...]
Is The Fed Flashing Signs It’s Done Raising Rates?
The Federal Reserve’s Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) on Wednesday raised the target policy interest rate (the federal funds rate) to 4.75 percent, an increase of 25 basis points. With this latest increase, the target has increased by 4.5 percent since February 2022, although this latest increase of 25 basis points is the smallest increase since March of last year. Indeed, the FOMC has slowed its rate of increase over the past three months. After four 75 basis point increases in 2022, the committee approved a 50-point increase in December, followed by the 25-point increase this week. In other words, the FOMC has been slowed down in its monetary tightening. The committee was … [Read more...]
Falling Inflation is Good for Stocks
Historically, Stocks tend to soar in years when inflation is falling. But typically, inflation doesn't fall until the fed-funds rate rises above the current inflation rate... The last data we have as of this writing is that inflation was 6.45% in December, and the FED funds rate was 4.1%. That is still a significant gap. But inflation is already falling. Monthly inflation began a dramatic slowdown last July. Monthly inflation has fallen by 80% over that timeframe (bringing annual inflation down by 33%). At this point, the majority of our annual inflation occurred during the first six months of 2022. January through June of 2022 had an average of 1.02% inflation per month. The second … [Read more...]
Why the Fed Is Bankrupt and Why That Means More Inflation
In 2011, the Federal Reserve invented new accounting methods for itself so that it could never legally go bankrupt. As explained by Robert Murphy, the Federal Reserve redefined its losses so as to ensure its balance sheet never shows insolvency. As Bank of America’s Priya Misra put it at the time: As a result, any future losses the Fed may incur will now show up as a negative liability (negative interest due to Treasury) as opposed to a reduction in Fed capital, thereby making a negative capital situation technically impossible. That was twelve years ago, and it was all academic at the time. But in 2023, the Fed really is insolvent, although its fake post-2011 account doesn’t show this. … [Read more...]
Inflation Falls Again in December
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that Annual Inflation fell from 7.11% in November to 6.45% in December 2022. This was down from a peak of 9.06% in June 2022. Monthly inflation was negative (Disinflation) for November at -0.10% and December at -0.31%. This is fairly typical for the fourth quarter, which is traditionally negative. Monthly inflation for 2022 was lower than in November 2021, so December Annual inflation fell. It is important to remember that although the inflation RATE is falling... prices are still going up, i.e., prices are still 6.5% higher than they were a year ago. A decline from 7.5% to 6.5% is similar to a car going from 75 mph to 65 mph... it is still … [Read more...]
Inflation Down in November
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that Annual Inflation fell from 7.75% in October to 7.11% in November 2022. This was down from a peak of 9.06% in June 2022. Monthly inflation was negative (Disinflation) for November at -0.10%. This is fairly typical for the fourth quarter, which is traditionally negative. Monthly inflation for 2022 was lower than in November 2021 so Annual inflation fell. It is important to remember that although the inflation RATE is falling... prices are still going up, i.e., prices are still 7% higher than they were a year ago. A decline from 7.75% to 7.11% is similar to a car going from 77 mph to 71 mph... it is still speeding forward just not quite as … [Read more...]
November Producer Price Index Declines from 2021 to 2022
Typically when we think of inflation, we look at the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures prices affecting Consumers. Today we are going to look at the November Producer Price index. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), "the Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the average change over time in the prices domestic producers receive for their output. It is a measure of inflation at the wholesale level that is compiled from thousands of indexes measuring producer prices by industry and product category." The index is published monthly, but unlike the CPI, the PPI is subject to adjusting/correcting over the following four months after publication. The CPI is considered … [Read more...]
Gasoline Prices vs. Wages Over Time
Historical Gasoline Prices in Pictures-- I thought it would be fun to look at some pictures of gasoline prices in days gone by. Of course, we have to remember that salaries were much lower in those days as well. Inflation doesn't affect all prices equally. Let's look at how Gasoline Prices and Wages relate since the 1920s. In 1924 my grandfather probably paid around 21 cents a gallon for gasoline. The average wage was about 62.6¢/hour. But that was just the average, a unionized carpenter in Boston would have made a whole Dollar an hour. Imagine paying 15½ cents for a gallon of gasoline. Although we don't have an exact date for these pictures, we can estimate the … [Read more...]
