November was Deflationary

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) released their monthly Consumer Price Index report on December 12^th 2018, for the 12 month period through the end of November.

Annual Inflation is Down

Annual inflation in November was 2.18% down from October’s 2.52% and below September’s 2.28% and the 2.70% in August.
CPI was 252.038 in November below October, September and the 252.146 in August.
Monthly Inflation for November was -0.33 October was 0.18% in September it was 0.12%, compared to virtually zero in November 2017.
Next release January 11^th

Monthly Inflation:

According the the BLS Commissioner’s report: “In November, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers was unchanged on a seasonally adjusted basis; rising 2.2 percent over the last 12 months, not seasonally adjusted. The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.2 percent in November (SA); up 2.2 percent over the year (NSA).”

Unfortunately the Commissioner’s report is somewhat confusing. It might make you think that annual inflation is unchanged for the month ending in November (which is untrue). But actually what it is saying is that the monthly Seasonally Adjusted Inflation Rate for November is zero. Meaning that although monthly inflation is -0.33% on an unadjusted basis it is average for the month of November thus on an adjusted basis it is zero.

When we have a negative monthly inflation rate that is deflationary on a monthly basis but disinflationary on an annual basis until the annual number turns negative as well then it becomes deflationary on an annual basis as well.

See the following table which shows the seasonally adjusted monthly inflation rates. Note that none are “Unchanged” from the previous month. But November is “Zero” for “All Items”. Note that the zero is seasonally adjusted the actual non-adjusted monthly inflation rate is -0.33%.

Seasonally Adjusted Inflation Table

From the table we can see that on a monthly Seasonally adjusted basis the biggest gainer is Used Cars and Trucks while the energy category was the biggest decliner with Energy overall down -2.2% and Gasoline down -4.2%.

Typically the monthly inflation rate is highest during the first quarter (January through March) with April and May often being among the high months but not always.

The lowest monthly inflation is typically during the last quarter (October through December) with June through September typically being moderate. Surprisingly, July came in negative in both 2016 and 2017. There was not a single negative July from 1950 through 2000 but there have been several since.

Not Seasonally Adjusted Monthly Inflation Rates

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
2016	0.17%	0.08%	0.43%	0.47%	0.41%	0.33%	(0.16%)	0.09%	0.24%	0.12%	(0.16%)	0.03%
2017	0.58%	0.31%	0.08%	0.30%	0.09%	0.09%	(0.07%)	0.30%	0.53%	(0.06%)	0.00%	(0.06%)
2018	0.54%	0.45%	0.23%	0.40%	0.42%	0.16%	0.01%	0.06%	0.12%	0.18%	(0.33%)	NA

See: Monthly Inflation Rate for more information and a complete table of Unadjusted Monthly Rates.

Not Seasonally Adjusted Inflation (by Category)

Category	Annual	Monthly
All Items	2.18%	-0.33%
Food	1.4%	0.0%
Energy	3.1%	-4.4%
All Items less Food and Energy	2.2%	0.0%
Apparel	-0.4%	-3.2%
New Vehicles	0.3%	0.2%
Used Cars and Trucks	2.3%	1.1%
Shelter	3.2%	0.2%
Medical Services	2.4%	0.4%
Transportation Services	3.3%	0.0%

Regional Inflation Information

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics also produces regional data. So if you are interested in more localized inflation information you can find it here.

Food and Energy Breakdown

The BLS publishes an index entitled “All items Less Food and Energy” which often causes people some confusion. It doesn’t mean they stopped including food and energy in the Consumer Price Index. It just means that they have broken them out so you can compare their increase to other components. In this chart we can see the effects of food, energy and all other items on the total index. For more info see What is Core Inflation?

Misery Index

The misery index as of December 2018 (based on the most recent official government inflation and unemployment data for the 12 months ending in November) is at 5.88% down from 6.22%last month and even below the 5.98% in September. It is well below the 6.60% in August and the 6.85% and 6.87% in July and June respectively.

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